Hyaluronic acid is one of the most valuable ingredients for the health and beauty of the skin. It occurs naturally in the body and plays a key role in hydration, elasticity and tissue regeneration. In addition to the skin it is also found in the joints, eyes and connective tissue and supports their function.

Due to its ability to retain huge amounts of water Hyaluronic Acid is a major component of many cosmetic and medical products.

In this article we will take a detailed look at its benefits, uses and sources.

 

1. What is Hyaluronic Acid?

 

Hyaluronic acid is a type of polysaccharide (glycosaminoglycan) that occurs naturally in the human body. Its main function is to attract and retain water, thus providing hydration, elasticity and protection to tissues.

 

Hyaluronic acid has the ability to hold up to 1000 times its own weight in water.

An interesting fact about it is that the body is constantly producing and breaking it down. Its average lifespan in the skin and eyes is less than 24 hours, while in the joints it can remain active for several days.

 

  • In the skin, Hyaluronic Acid contributes to a smooth and healthy appearance by filling the space between cells and reducing the appearance of wrinkles;
  • In the joints, it acts as a lubricant, reducing friction and protecting cartilage from wear;
  • In the eyes, it moisturizes the cornea, reduces dryness and aids recovery after minor injuries or surgeries.

 

With age its production decreases significantly, leading to loss of hydration, skin elasticity and joint stiffness.

 

2. Types of Hyaluronic Acid

 

Hyaluronic acid comes in different forms and molecular structures, each with a specific effect on the body. Depending on its molecular weight and method of application, it can penetrate different layers of the skin, be used in medical therapies or promote hydration from within.

 

High molecular weight Hyaluronic acid

 

This form consists of larger molecules that remain on the surface of the skin. They form a protective layer that prevents moisture loss and provides immediate hydration.

 

High molecular weight Hyaluronic acid:

  • Does not penetrate deeply into the skin;
  • Creates a barrier against dirt and external aggressors;
  • Provides rapid smoothing and hydration of the skin;
  • Reduces the feeling of dryness and tightness.

 

Where is it used?

 

  1. In cosmetic serums, creams and masks for surface hydration;
  2. In moisturizing sprays for the face and body;
  3. In some medical eye solutions to prevent dryness.

 

Low molecular weight Hyaluronic acid

 

Low molecular weight Hyaluronic Acid has smaller molecules that can penetrate deeper into the skin. It improves elasticity, stimulates collagen production and supports natural regeneration.

 

Low molecular weight Hyaluronic acid:

  • Penetrates into the deeper layers of the skin;
  • Improves elasticity and firmness;
  • Promotes natural collagen production;
  • Provides a longer-lasting moisturizing effect.

 

Where is it used?

 

  1. In anti-aging products to reduce wrinkles and tighten the skin;
  2. In healing creams to regenerate damaged skin;
  3. In medical solutions to support tissue repair.

 

Oligomeric (ultra-low molecular weight) Hyaluronic acid

 

This type has even smaller molecules that not only penetrate deeply, but also activate biological processes in the skin. It has a powerful effect on collagen synthesis and reduces the signs of aging.

 

Oligomeric Hyaluronic Acid:

  • Actively affects fibroblasts (cells that produce collagen);
  • Slows down the aging process;
  • Helps restore the skin barrier;
  • Enhances the effects of other active ingredients.

 

Where is it used?

 

  1. In professional cosmetic therapies and serums;
  2. In medical cosmetics for the treatment of scars and pigmentation;
  3. In injection procedures for deep regeneration.

 

Where is it used?

 

3. Benefits of Hyaluronic Acid

 

Hyaluronic acid not only improves the appearance of the skin, but also plays an essential role in maintaining joint health, eye health and even aids the tissue repair processes.

 

Depending on the method of application, its effects can be immediate or long-term.

 

1. Hydrates deeply

Hyaluronic acid is known for its ability to attract and retain moisture, making it indispensable for hydrating not only the skin but also various tissues in the body.

  • Provides long-lasting hydration of the epidermis and dermis;
  • Protects cells from dehydration and premature aging;
  • Helps maintain water balance in connective tissue;
  • Improves skin elasticity and firmness.

 

2. Fights free radicals and pollution

Hyaluronic acid has antioxidant properties that make it an effective shield against harmful external factors:

  • Reduces oxidative stress caused by UV rays and pollution;
  • Protects the skin from inflammation and irritation;
  • Supports the skin's barrier function, making it more resistant to external aggressors.

 

3. Supports skin regeneration and wound healing

One of the lesser-known, but extremely important properties of Hyaluronic Acid is its ability to accelerate cell regeneration and wound healing.

  • Stimulates cell division and the formation of new tissue;
  • Reduces the risk of scars and pigmentation after injury;
  • Helps with inflammatory processes such as eczema, acne and dermatitis;
  • Reduces discomfort from burns and skin irritations.

 

Supports skin regeneration and wound healing

 

4. Reduces inflammation and relieves pain

Hyaluronic acid plays a role in controlling inflammatory processes, making it beneficial not only for the skin but also for joints and other organs.

  • Reduces inflammation from skin irritations and allergies;
  • Relieves pain and stiffness in arthritis and joint diseases;
  • Supports the regeneration of cartilage and connective tissue;
  • Improves joint mobility and protects against wear and tear.

 

5. Maintains oral health

Hyaluronic acid is not only good for the skin and joints - it also supports the health of the gums and oral mucosa.

  • Helps wounds and aphthae heal faster;
  • Reduces inflammation in gingivitis and periodontitis;
  • Moisturizes the oral cavity which is useful for dry mouth syndrome.

 

6. Improves hair and scalp health

Hydration is a key factor for healthy hair growth. Hyaluronic acid:

  • Moisturizes and strengthens hair follicles;
  • Reduces dryness and flaking of the scalp;
  • Promotes scalp regeneration;
  • Prevents breakage and hair loss due to dehydration.

 

7. Improves eye health

Hyaluronic acid plays an important role in maintaining moisture and protecting the eyes, making it useful for dryness, irritation, and recovery after eye procedures.

  • Moisturizes the eyes and prevents the feeling of dryness;
  • Reduces redness, burning and fatigue during prolonged work in front of a screen;
  • Supports corneal regeneration after surgery or minor injuries;
  • Used in artificial tears and eye drops for long-lasting hydration;
  • Helps in the treatment of dry eyes and other ophthalmological problems.

 

4. Sources of Hyaluronic Acid

 

Hyaluronic acid can be obtained in several different ways - through food, cosmetic products and dietary supplements.

 

Natural food sources

 

Although Hyaluronic acid is not found in large quantities in food, some products support its production in the body.

 

1. Animal products

 

  • Bone broth - one of the richest sources of natural Hyaluronic Acid. Boiling bones releases collagen, amino acids and Hyaluronic Acid which support joint and skin health;
  • Organ meats (liver, cartilage, skin) - contain high levels of connective tissue which is a natural source of Hyaluronic Acid;
  • Fish (especially fish skin and cartilage) - fish products, such as salmon and sardines, contain important components for the synthesis of Hyaluronic Acid.

 

2. Plant products

 

  • Soy and soy products - rich in isoflavones, which stimulate the natural production of Hyaluronic acid in the body, are tofu, tempeh and soy milk;
  • Citrus fruits - lemons, oranges and grapefruits contain vitamin C, which supports the synthesis of Hyaluronic acid and prevents its degradation;
  • Leafy vegetables - spinach, cabbage and parsley support the production of Hyaluronic acid through their high content of antioxidants;
  • Legumes - rich in Magnesium which is involved in the synthesis of Hyaluronic acid.

 

Cosmetic products with Hyaluronic acid

 

Hyaluronic acid is a key ingredient in many cosmetic products that provide deep hydration and protection to the skin.

 

  1. Serums - concentrated formulas that penetrate deep and provide intense hydration;
  2. Creams and lotions - create a protective film on the skin and help retain moisture;
  3. Face masks - provide an instant refreshing and smoothing effect;
  4. Eye creams - reduce puffiness and wrinkles around the eyes;
  5. Lip balms - hydrate the lips and make them softer and fuller.

 

Cosmetic products with Hyaluronic acid

 

Dietary supplements with Hyaluronic acid

 

Taking Hyaluronic Acid in the form of supplements can be beneficial for people who want to maintain the good condition of their skin, joints and connective tissue.

 

Types of dietary supplements:

 

  1. Capsules and tablets - contain purified Hyaluronic acid and are often combined with collagen, vitamin C and Zinc;
  2. Liquid formulas - more quickly absorbed by the body, usually enriched with other antioxidants;
  3. Powder supplements - can be dissolved in water or smoothies for easy intake;

 

Benefits of taking supplements:

  1. Improve skin hydration from the inside;
  2. Reduce joint pain and improve mobility;
  3. Help heal connective tissue;
  4. Maintain eye and oral health.

 

5. How to use Hyaluronic Acid?

 

The use of hyaluronic acid depends on its form and purpose. It can be applied topically through cosmetic products, taken internally through dietary supplements or administered through medical procedures.

 

To achieve the best results it is important to know how to properly combine it with other ingredients and what the optimal methods of application are.

 

1. Topical application to the skin

 

Hyaluronic acid is a key ingredient in many cosmetic products. Its effective use depends on the correct way of application and combination with other ingredients.

 

  • Apply to damp skin - Hyaluronic acid retains water, so it is most effective when applied to slightly damp skin;
  • Seal with moisturizer - after a serum with Hyaluronic acid, always use a cream that creates a barrier and locks in moisture;
  • Use morning and evening - for optimal results it can be applied twice a day, especially on dry skin;
  • Combine with active ingredients - for maximum effect combine with vitamin C for antioxidant protection and with peptides for rejuvenation.

 

Common mistakes in topical application:

 

  • Using on dry skin - if the skin is not slightly moist, Hyaluronic Acid can pull moisture from the deeper layers of the skin instead of retaining it;
  • Over-application - using too much does not enhance the effect and can lead to a sticky feeling;
  • Combining with unsuitable ingredients - some highly acidic or basic products can reduce the effectiveness of Hyaluronic Acid.

 

2. Internal intake through dietary supplements

 

Internal intake through dietary supplements

 

Taking Hyaluronic Acid in supplement form can support overall hydration and joint health.

 

How to take nutritional supplements?

 

  • Recommended daily dose - usually varies between 100-200 mg per day, depending on the purpose of use;
  • Take with water - to facilitate absorption, take the supplements with a sufficient amount of water;
  • Combine with collagen and vitamin C - they help with better absorption and effectiveness;
  • Regular intake - for visible results, the supplements should be taken for at least 4-6 weeks.

 

3. Injection procedures with Hyaluronic acid

 

For more intense and long-lasting results, Hyaluronic Acid can be administered through medical injections.

 

What are the options for injection administration?

 

  • Dermal fillers - used to smooth wrinkles, increase lip volume and contour the face;
  • Mesotherapy - injection of low molecular weight Hyaluronic acid for intensive hydration and regeneration of the skin;
  • Joint injections - help with arthritis and joint problems, reducing pain and improving mobility;
  • Eye injections - used to treat dry eyes and some ophthalmological diseases.

 

How often are injection procedures performed?

 

  • Fillers - results usually last between 6 and 18 months, depending on the type of product;
  • Mesotherapy - usually 3-5 treatments are applied every 2-4 weeks;
  • Joint injections - the effect can last from several months to a year.

 

4. Combining with other active ingredients

 

To get the most out of Hyaluronic Acid, it is best to combine it with other beneficial substances.

 

Good combinations are:

  • Vitamin C - increases antioxidant protection and stimulates collagen synthesis;
  • Niacinamide - improves skin barrier function and reduces redness;
  • Retinol - promotes cell renewal, but should be used with caution on sensitive skin.

 

Inappropriate combinations are:

  • High concentrations of AHA/BHA acids - can lead to irritation and dehydration if not used properly;
  • Alcoholic products - some highly alcoholic formulas can neutralize the effect of Hyaluronic Acid.

 

6. Possible side effects from use

 

Hyaluronic acid is considered safe to use as it occurs naturally in the body. However, as with any substance, side effects or adverse reactions may occur especially with improper use, excessive dosage or individual intolerance.

 

Possible side effects of topical application

 

Cosmetic products with Hyaluronic Acid are among the safest on the market, but in some cases mild side effects may occur:

  • Slight redness - sometimes the skin may react with temporary redness, especially in sensitive skin types;
  • Irritation or burning - rare, but possible with incorrect combination with other active ingredients.

 

Possible side effects when taken orally

 

Hyaluronic acid supplements are generally well tolerated, but some people may experience stomach discomfort or other mild reactions:

  • Gastrointestinal discomfort - excessive intake may cause bloating, nausea or diarrhea;
  • Allergic reactions - although rare, some people may be allergic to the ingredients in the capsules or liquid supplements;
  • Drug interactions - if you are taking blood thinners or have autoimmune diseases, consulting a doctor is mandatory.

 

How to avoid these side effects?

 

  1. Follow the recommended daily dose;
  2. Take with food to avoid stomach discomfort;
  3. If you are prone to allergies, check the ingredients list of the supplements.

 

Possible side effects of injectable use

 

Possible side effects of injectable use

 

Hyaluronic acid injections are performed by medical professionals and are generally safe. However, they can cause temporary side effects.

 

Common reactions after injection are:

  • Redness and swelling - they usually subside within a few days;
  • Mild discomfort or bruising - possible, especially in more sensitive areas such as the lips;
  • Bumps or lumps - in rare cases, temporary bumps may form around the injection sites;
  • Infections - very rare, but possible if hygiene is not maintained properly during the procedure.

 

How to avoid these side effects?

 

  1. Always choose certified and experienced specialists for injection procedures;
  2. Follow the recommendations for after-treatment care (avoiding pressure, sun exposure and intense exercise for the first 24-48 hours);
  3. If you notice severe swelling or prolonged discomfort, seek medical attention.

 

Hyaluronic acid and sensitive groups

 

Although Hyaluronic Acid is suitable for most people, there are some specific cases that should be approached with caution.

 

Pregnant and lactating women

  • Topical application of Hyaluronic Acid is safe;
  • Supplementation has not been fully studied, so it is best to consult a doctor;
  • Injection procedures are generally not recommended during pregnancy and breastfeeding.

 

People with autoimmune diseases

  • Some forms of injectable Hyaluronic Acid may activate the immune response;
  • A doctor's consultation is necessary before taking supplements or undergoing injection procedures.

 

People with allergies to animal products

  • Most hyaluronic products are produced using a biotechnological method and are vegan, but it is important to check their composition.

 

7. Conclusion

 

Hyaluronic acid is an indispensable element for health and beauty. It not only hydrates the skin and reduces wrinkles, but also improves the function of joints, eyes and connective tissues.

Depending on the body's needs it can be used topically, taken as a dietary supplement or administered through medical procedures.

To get the most out of it it's important to choose the right type and method of application. Combining it with other beneficial ingredients like vitamin C, collagen and antioxidants can enhance its effects.

 

SOURCES:

1. Cleveland Clinic: Hyaluronic Acid (25.02.2025)
2. WebMD: Hyaluronic Acid - Uses, Side Effects, and More (25.02.2025)